Faktor-Faktor Penyumbang NEET di Provinsi Jawa Barat
Abstract
NEET (Not in Education, Employment, or Training) is one of the Sustainable
Development Goals (SDGs) indicators to determine the level of vulnerability of young
people aged 15-24 years in dropping out of school, unemployment and feeling hopeless
about the world of work. BPS data shows that in 2020 West Java is the province with the
highest number of NEETs in Indonesia. The influence of West Java's NEET is very large
on the national NEET figure, as evidenced in the last 5 years the pattern is always the
same as West Java's NEET. For this reason, this study aims to determine the cause of a
person's chance to become a NEET in West Java Province using data from the 2020
National Labor Force Survey (Sakernas). The analytical method used is descriptive
statistics and inferential statistics with binary logistic regression models. The results
showed that with a 95 percent confidence level, the variables that significantly affect a
person's status as a NEET are age, gender, disability, marital status, education, skills,
work experience, education of the head of the household, number of children, presence
of toddlers or the elderly, presence of household members who work, location of
residence, and the perceived impact of COVID-19. In addition, it was found that persons
with disabilities were 4 times more likely to become NEETs than non-disabled persons.
Abstrak
NEET (Not in Education, Employment, or Training) ialah salah satu indikator Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) untuk mengetahui tingkat kerawanan penduduk muda usia 15-24 tahun dalam putus sekolah, pengangguran serta merasa putus asa terhadap dunia kerja. Data BPS menunjukkan bahwa pada tahun 2020 Jawa Barat merupakan provinsi dengan jumlah NEET tertinggi di Indonesia. Pengaruh NEET Jawa Barat sangat besar terhadap angka NEET nasional, terbukti dalam 5 tahun terakhir polanya selalu sama dengan NEET Jawa Barat. Untuk itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui penyebab seseorang berpeluang menjadi NEET di Provinsi Jawa Barat dengan menggunakan data Survei Angkatan Kerja Nasional (Sakernas) tahun 2020. Metode analisis yang digunakan adalah statistik deskriptif dan statistik inferensia dengan model regresi logistik biner. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dengan tingkat kepercayaan 95 persen, variabel yang signifikan mempengaruhi status seseorang menjadi NEET ialah umur, jenis kelamin, disabilitas, status perkawinan, pendidikan, keterampilan, pengalaman kerja, pendidikan kepala rumah tangga, jumlah anak, keberadaan balita atau lansia, keberadaan anggota rumah tangga yang bekerja, lokasi tempat tinggal, dan dampak covid-19 yang dirasakan. Selain itu ditemukan penyandang disabilitas 4 kali lebih berisiko menjadi NEET dibandingkan dengan yang bukan penyandang disabilitas.
Downloads
References
Abrar, Muhammad, Nuelda Amalia, dan Rossanto Dwi Handoyo. 2019. “Karakteristik dan peluang pengangguran usia muda di Provinsi Aceh dalam menghadapi era Revolusi Industri 4.0 [Characteristics and opportunities for young unemployed in Aceh Province in the face of the Industrial Revolution 4.0 era].” Jurnal Kebijakan Pembangunan 14 (2): 157–69.
Ahmad, Rizwan, dan Parvez Azim. 2010. “Youth Population and the Labour Market of Pakistan: a Micro Level Study.” Pakistan Economic and Social Review 48 (2): 183–208.
Albert Dagume, Mbulaheni, dan Agyapong Gyekye. 2016. “Determinants of youth unemployment in South Africa: evidence from the Vhembe district of Limpopo province.” Environmental Economics 7 (4): 59–67. https://doi.org/10.21511/ee.07(4).2016.06.
Alfieri, Sara, Emiliano Sironi, Elena Marta, Alessandro Rosina, dan Daniela Marzana. 2015. “Young italian NEETs (Not in employment, education, or training) and the influence of their family background.” Europe’s Journal of Psychology 11 (2): 311–22. https://doi.org/10.5964/ejop.v11i2.901.
Amini, Ary Fauziah. 2020. “Analisis Karakteristik Penduduk Usia Muda Tidak Bekerja, Sekolah, Atau Mengikuti Pelatihan (Not In Employment, Education Or Training/Neet) Tahun 2018.” UNIVERSITAS AIRLANGGA.
Badan Pusat Statistik. 2020. “Indikator Pasar Tenaga Kerja Indonesia Agustus 2020”. Diakses tanggal 12 Agustus 2021. https://www.bps.go.id/publication.html?Publikasi%5BtahunJudul%5D=2020&Publikasi%5BkataKunci%5D=pasar&Publikasi%5BcekJudul%5D=0&yt0=Tampilkan
Badan Pusat Statistik. 2020. “Keadaan Ketenagakerjaan Indonesia Agustus 2020.” Berita Resmi Statistik. Bandung: Badan Pusat Statistik. https://www.bps.go.id/publication/download.html?nrbvfeve=YjdlNmNkNDBhYWVhMDJiYjZkODlhODI4&xzmn=aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuYnBzLmdvLmlkL3B1YmxpY2F0aW9uLzIwMTgvMDYvMDQvYjdlNmNkNDBhYWVhMDJiYjZkODlhODI4L2tlYWRhYW4tYW5na2F0YW4ta2VyamEtZGktaW5kb25lc2lhLWZlYnJ1YXJpLTIwMTgu
Badan Pusat Statistik. 2020. “Persentase Umur Muda 15-24 Tahun yang sedang Tidak Sekolah, Bekerja atau Mengikuti Pelatihan, 2015-2020”. Diakses tanggal 3 Agustus 2021. https://www.bps.go.id/indicator/6/1186/1/persentase-umur-muda-15-24-tahun-yang-sedang-tidak-sekolah-bekerja-atau-mengikuti-pelatihan.html
Badan Pusat Statistik. 2020. “Tingkat Pengangguran Terbuka Berdasarkan Kelompok Umur, 2015-2020”. Diakses tanggal 3 Agustus 2021. https://www.bps.go.id/indicator/6/1180/1/tingkat-pengangguran-terbuka-berdasarkan-kelompok-umur.html
Badan Pusat Statistik. 2021. “Hasil Sensus Penduduk 2020”. Diakses tanggal 3 Agustus 2021. https://www.bps.go.id/pressrelease/2021/01/21/1854/hasil-sensus-penduduk-2020.html.
Bappenas. 2017. Bonus Demografi 2030-2040: Strategi Indonesia Terkait Ketenagakerjaan dan Pendidikan. Jakarta: Bappenas.
Bay, Ann-Helén, dan Morten Blekesaune. 2002. “Youth, unemployment and political marginalisation.” International Journal of Social Welfare 11 (2): 132–39. https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-2397.00207.
Chintia Anggraini, Werry Darta Taifur, dan Zulkifli N. 2020. “Phenomenon and determinant characteristics of NEET (Not in Employment, Education or Training) youth in matrilineal province.” Jurnal Perspektif Pembiayaan dan Pembangunan Daerah 7 (4): 327–40. https://doi.org/10.22437/ppd.v7i4.8690.
Elder, S. 2015. “What does NEETs mean and why is the concept so easily misinterpreted?” ILO. Technical brief 1 (1).
Hasanah, Putri Uswatun. 2015. “Pengaruh program keluarga berencana terhadap pemenuhan kebutuhan pendidikan anak.” Lembaran Masyarakat: Jurnal Pengembangan Masyarakat Islam 1 (2): 191–220.
Hosmer, DW & Lemeshow, S. 1989. Regresi Logistik Terapan. AS: A Wiley-Publikasi Antarsains.
Khatun, F., & Saadat, S. Y. 2020. “Youth Employment in Bangladesh. In Youth Employment in Bangladesh”. Diakses tanggal 15 Agustus 2021.
Lee Byoung-Hoon, dan Kim Jong-Sung. 2012. “A Causal Analysis of Youth Inactiveness in the Korean Labor Market.” Korea Journal 52 (4): 139–65. https://doi.org/10.25024/kj.2012.52.4.139.
Msigwa, Robert, dan Erasmus Fabian Kipesha. 2013. “Determinants of Youth unemployment in Developing Countries : Evidences from Tanzania.” Journal of Economics and Sustainable Development Vol.4, No.14, 2013 4 (14): 67–77.
Nachrowi, Nachrowi Dlalal, dan Hardius Usman. 2002. Penggunaan Teknik Ekonometri, Pendekatan Populer & Praktis Dilengkapi Teknik Analisis & Pengolahan Data dengan Menggunakan Paket Program SPSS. Jakarta: Raja Grafindo.
Pattinasarany, Indera Ratna Irawati. 2019. “Not in Employment, Education or Training (NEET) Among the Youth in Indonesia: The Effects of Social Activities, Access to Information, and Language Skills on NEET Youth.” MASYARAKAT: Jurnal Sosiologi 24 (1): 1–25. https://doi.org/10.7454/mjs.v24i1.10308.
Susanli, Z. Bilgen. 2016. “Understanding the Neet in Turkey.” Eurasian Journal of Economics and Finance 4 (2): 42–57. https://doi.org/10.15604/ejef.2016.04.02.004.
Susiana, Wardah. 2019. “Pemenuhan Hak Penyandang Disabilitas dalam Mendapatkan Pekerjaan di BUMN.” Law Reform 15 (2): 225–38. https://doi.org/10.14710/lr.v15i2.26181.
Syahrial. 2020. “Dampak Covid-19 terhadap Tenaga Kerja.” Ners 4 (23): 21–29.
Zoraya, Elfrida, dan Mirta Dwi Wulandari. 2020. “Karakteristik Kaum Muda Pada Pasar Tenaga Kerja Dan Determinan Neet Di Indonesia.” Jurnal Litbang Sukowati : Media Penelitian dan Pengembangan 4 (2): 12. https://doi.org/10.32630/sukowati.v4i2.144.
Copyright (c) 2022 Hella Citra

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- The journal allow the authors to hold the copyright without restrictions and allow the authors to retain publishing rights without restrictions.
- Authors can enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) before and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work.