Dinamika, Problematika, Dan Implikasi Kebijakan Pengelolaan Sampah Plastik Di Daerah
Abstract
Plastic usage in society has become an issue that should be addressed correctly. In an international study entitled Plastic Waste Associated with Disease on Coral Reefs Indonesia was one of the most productive plastic polluters to the ocean by the period of 2010-2025. In order to address it, The Government had enacted various hierarchical policy be it, national- local. The result was far from optimal since Plastics still placed to be the second-largest waste with high possibility unprocessed in the landfill. The current condition of the landfill was vastly open dump instead of processed management. Ministry of Home Affairs as the pivot of the national government in the regions needs to learn and supervise waste management policies by the locals. This research aimed to elaborate on the dynamics, problems, and implications of waste management policy in regions. Based on qualitative method with descriptive approach. this research found that local plastic management within the regions quiets unproductive since several multilevel policies yet to be synergized. Government, be it national or locals, indicated improvement in waste management policy at the regions. In line with that, The National Government advised taking actions as the following; inter-ministerial coordination; research and technology integration; optimizing technical coordination forum between the ministry of home affairs and other executive organs; coordinate with rural ministry to open an alternative for waste improvement by the village allocation fund; tipping fee acceleration policy for the local government; PKK instruction to embrace society-based policy of waste reduction.
Abstrak
Penggunaan plastik dalam kehidupan manusia menjadi persoalan yang harus diselesaikan dengan tepat. Studi internasional berjudul “Plastic Waste Associated with Disease on Coral Reefs” menyebutkan bahwa Indonesia termasuk negara yang diproyeksikan paling banyak menebarkan sampah plastik ke laut dalam kurun waktu 2010-2025. Untuk menangani hal ini, pemerintah telah menetapkan berbagai kebijakan hirarkis pusat-daerah. Sejauh ini, hasil dari kebijakan yang ada masih kurang optimal karena plastik di Indonesia masih menjadi jenis sampah terbanyak kedua yang tertimbun di TPA tanpa diproses. Saat ini kondisi TPA di Indonesia masih mengedepankan aktivitas timbun (dumping) bukan aktivitas mengolah. Kementerian Dalam Negeri sebagai poros pemerintah pusat di daerah, dipandang perlu untuk mengkaji dan membina kebijakan pengelolaan sampah di pemerintahan daerah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis problematika dan implikasi kebijakan pengelolaan sampah plastik di daerah. Berdasarkan metode penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif, penelitian ini menemukan bahwa kebijakan pengelolaan sampah plastik di daerah belum produktif karena kebijakan terkait di berbagai tingkatan pemerintahan belum sinergi. Pemerintah, baik pusat dan daerah menunjukkan indikasi perbaikan kebijakan pengelolaan sampah. Sejalan dengan itu, pemerintah pusat disarankan untuk mengambil langkah-langkah sebagai berikut; melakukan sinergi dan koordinasi lintas kementerian; integrasi kebijakan riset teknologi; optimalisasi rapat koordinasi teknis antara Kemendagri dengan K/L terkait; koordinasi dengan Kementerian Desa untuk membuka alternatif pembiayaan pengelolaan sampah melalui dana desa; akselerasi kebijakan tipping fee bagi pemerintah daerah; instruksi PKK di daerah untuk mendukung kebijakan pengurangan sampah plastik berbasis masyarakat.
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