Analisis Resiliensi Ekonomi Lokal dalam Menghadapi Perubahan Iklim: Sebuah Tinjauan Literatur
Abstract
Perubahan iklim membawa dampak signifikan pada berbagai sektor termasuk ekonomi. Negara-negara berkembang dan berpenghasilan rendah lebih rentan dan kurang tangguh dalam menghadapi perubahan iklim. Membangun resiliensi ekonomi lokal terkendala pada sumber daya terbatas, minimnya kebijakan, serta rendahnya kesadaran masyarakat. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengekplorasi cara meningkatkan resiliensi ekonomi lokal dalam menghadapi dampak perubahan iklim. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa, upaya meningkatkan resiliensi ekonomi lokal dapat dilakukan melalui integrasi regional antara pemangku kepentingan sektor swasta, LSM, universitas, dan masyarakat. Pelaksanaan resiliensi ekonomi lokal setidaknya mencakup beberapa aspek, antara lain memasukkan indikator perubahan iklim sebagai komponen dalam peningkatan resiliensi ekonomi lokal, serta dukungan kebijakan dari pemerintah dalam mitigasi perubahan iklim. Selain itu, diperlukan kerangka regulasi yang mengatur perubahan iklim dalam perilaku konsumsi rumah tangga agar lebih bertanggung jawab, didukung dengan peraturan perundang-undangan mengenai Carbon Pricing, pendanaan iklim, serta asuransi ramah lingkungan. Selain itu, diperlukan pemberian sanksi yang tegas bagi perusahaan yang tidak menerapkan kebijakan mitigasi perubahan iklim guna memastikan keberlanjutan dan efektivitas kebijakan tersebut.
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